🧪Chemistry

Applicable for A-Level, IB, DSE, AP-Level Exams

Atomic Structure    Stoichiometry    Bonding    Energetics    Kinetics    Equilibria    Redox    Group 2    Group 7    Alkanes    Alkenes and Alcohols    Organic Analysis    Thermodynamics    Kinetics 2    Equilibrium Constant Kp    Electrode Potentials & Cells    Acids, Bases & Buffer    Periodicity    Transition Metals    Inorganic Compounds in Acqeous Solutions    Optical Isomerism    Aldehydes & Ketones    Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives    Aromatic Chemistry    Amines    Polymers    Amino Acids, Proteins & DNA    Organic Synthesis    NMR    Chromatography   

Energetics

Thermochemistry

In chemistry, enthalpy is the amount of heat energy. Reactions can be determined as exothermic or endothermic depending on their enthaply changes: an exothermic reaction that gives out heat has an overall negative enthalpy and an endotheric reaction that takes in heat has an overall positive enthalpy. Enthaply can be determined experimentally by calorimetry or theoritically by calculations such as involving Hess's Law.


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