💡Physics

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Particle Physics    Quantum Physics    Waves    Optics    Mechanics    Materials    Electricity    Circular Motion    Simple Harmonic Motion    Thermal Physics    Gravitational Fields    Electric Fields    Capacitors    Magnetic Fields    Electromagnetic Induction    Radioactivity    Nuclear Energy    Discovery of the Electron    Wave-Particle Duality    Special Relativity   

Electricity

Current Voltage and Resistance

In electricity, there are three fundamental principals you need to grasp: current, voltage and resistance. Ohm's Law states that as long as resistance is kept constant, current and voltage is proportional. The fundamental definitions of V, I and R is crucial to learn in order to grasp the rest of the electricity chapter.

  • Current is rate of flow of charge. This is expressed as charge over time.
  • Voltage/Potential Difference between two points is work done per unit charge.
  • Resistance is the amount of current you get for a particular potential difference. (Ohm's Law Reaaranged)

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    I-V Characteristics

    I-V Graphs is all about showing the relationship between potential difference and current. If a conductor obeys Ohm's Law, current is proportional to voltage and the graph will be a straight line through the origin. Non-ohmic conductors like the filament lamp has its curve flatten out due to electrical energy turning into heat energy and causing the metal to heat up - more vibrations cause electrons to move through the component more difficultly.


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    Resistance and Resistivity

    Resistance is voltage per unit current. Resistivity is porportional to resistivity. Resistivity is a measure of how much a particular material resists current flow.


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    Power and Electrical Energy

    Power is defined as the amount of enegry per unit time.


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    EMF and Internal Resistance

    EMF is the amount of amount electrical energy converted to electrical energy per coulomb of charge. Internal resistance is the amount of volts lost per unit current.


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